This procedure is based on GB/T 50979-2014 "Technical Specification for Rubber Dam Engineering", covering the entire process from shutdown inspection to acceptance, and includes key maintenance points.
1. Safety Preparation: Develop a specific maintenance plan and complete approval and handover procedures; construct a cofferdam, implement diversion, and cut off the flow if necessary; establish a warning zone downstream, disconnect power, and post signs to strictly prohibit unauthorized personnel from entering.
2. Dam Emptying: Slowly collapse the dam to release water and air, strictly controlling the rate to avoid negative pressure and damage to the dam bag folds; ventilate and dry after emptying.
3. Comprehensive Inspection: Inspect the dam bag for wear, cracks, bulges, holes, aging, etc.; check anchor bolts and pressure plates for rust, loosening, or deformation, and whether the waterstop has failed; test the integrity of the filling/draining/airing equipment, pipelines, valves, instruments, and control systems; check the concrete foundation and abutment walls for cracks, erosion, and siltation.
1. Minor Wear: Grind and remove dirt, dry thoroughly, apply primer, then attach adhesive film, roll compaction, and static pressure with heavy objects for 24 hours; control the ambient temperature at 18-25℃ and humidity <70%, and take precautions against rain and dust.
2. Severe Wear: Grind the damaged area, extending the cleaning area by 10cm around the perimeter, apply reinforcing tape of the same material, extending at least 10cm beyond the damaged area on all sides, and seal with sealing tape.
3. Holes and Tears: Temporarily seal small holes with wooden plugs and reinforce with steel plates; for formal repair, use double-sided adhesive patching. After grinding and cleaning the inner and outer sides, apply a layer of reinforcing tape extending at least 15cm beyond the damaged area on each side. Roll-press the edges and apply static pressure for at least 24 hours. Do not soak in water or fold during the vulcanization period.
4. Major Overhaul and Replacement: When the dam bag shows extensive aging or tearing, replace the entire bag, re-anchor it properly, and perform water-stopping treatment.
Inspect anchor bolts for rust removal; tighten loose bolts and replace damaged ones; correct or replace deformed pressure plates; replace aged water-stopping rubber; repair concrete cracks, backfill eroded areas, remove sharp debris from the foundation, and repair the water-stopping structure.
Disassemble and overhaul the water pump and air compressor, replace seals, and ensure proper lubrication; inspect pipeline valves, check for leaks and remove rust, replace gaskets, and clean filters; calibrate pressure gauges, sensors, and other instruments; debug the control system to ensure normal operation.
1. Step-by-Step Pressure Testing: Slowly fill with water/air in 3~5 stages, stabilizing the pressure at each stage for 15~30 minutes, checking for leaks, deformation, and slippage in the dam bags.
2. Pressure Holding and Collapse Test: Maintain pressure at the design pressure for 24 hours, with a pressure drop ≤5%; conduct a collapse test to ensure smooth operation without jamming or vibration.
3. Final Acceptance: Apply an anti-aging coating to the dam bags and perform anti-corrosion treatment on metal parts; clean the site, dismantle the cofferdam, and organize maintenance data and test reports for archiving.
- Maintenance Classification: Routine maintenance focuses on dredging and tightening; post-flood annual maintenance involves localized reinforcement and equipment upkeep; emergency repairs are carried out for sudden damage; major repairs and replacements are implemented for severely damaged dam bags.
- Defect Treatment: For minor surface cracks, apply a protective layer; for severe cracks, reinforce; for bulges, cut open to drain liquid, dry and patch; for leaking anchors, replace waterstops and reinforce seals; for abnormal water filling, investigate pipeline and equipment malfunctions.
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